Steam-producer.



110.835,59?. PATENTEDN0V;13,1906.'

LfLoYER. STEAMPRODUGER.

f APPLICATION FILED JAN.12.1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

1HE Ncnms PETERS ca. wasHmsroN. D. c,

No. 835,597. PATENTED NGV. 13, 1906.

I. H. BOYER.

STEAM PRODUCER. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12. 190s.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

n1: mmm; Psrsas ca., wasmeycrnw. L c,

N0. 835,597. PATENT'ED NOV. 13, 1906. 1.v H. BOYER. STEAM PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12. 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

TH: NoRRls Perses ca., wAsHmcroN, D. c.

UNITED sTATEs ISAAC H. BOYER, OF MUNCIE, INDIANA.

STEAM-PRODUCER.

f Specification of Letters Patent. I

Patented Nov. 13', 1906.

Application iled January l2, 1906. Serial No. 295.711.

Beit known that I, IsAAc H. BOYER, a citi- Zen of the United States,residing at Muncie, in the county of Delaware and State of Indiana, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Steam-Producers and I do declarethe following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters of reference marked thereon,which form a part of thisspecification.

This invention relates to apparatus Whereby steam may be produced fromwater by the consumption of fuel, the invention having referenceparticularly to various features and the relative arrangement thereof inthe construction ofthe apparatus.

Objects of the invention are to provide an improved compact constructiongenerally in steam-producers, particularly in the evaporators or boilersthereof, and to provide 1mproved facilities in steam-producers forheating the feed-water for making steam conveniently to a high degreeduring its progress to the evaporator or boiler where it is to beconverted into steam by means of previously utilized heat from thefurnace of the apparatus without requiring the consumption of any fuelin excess of what may be required for raising the water to theboiling-point after having already been heated to a high degree.

Another object of the invention being to r provide an advantageousconstruction and arrangement of superheater, all to the end that steammay be produced of dry quality and with the minimum amount of fuelconsumed, while at the same time in a measure lessening the loss andnuisance arising from smoke escaping from the furnace.

The above-mentioned and other objects are attained in the presentinvention, which consists of a steam-producer having certain novelfeatures of construction in respect to the furnace, the evaporator andits appurtenances, the primary heat-ing apparatus, and the superheaterthereof; and the invention consists, further, in the parts and thecombinations and arrangements of parts, as hereinafter particularlydescribed, and referred to in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of the improvedsteam-producer, external portions of whichare broken away to discloseinternal parts; Fig. 2, a horizontal sectional view on the line A A inFig. I, parts being broken away to disclose parts in lower planes; Fig.3, a transverse sectional view on the line B B in Fig. l 3 Fig. 4, a topplan view in which parts are broken away exposing internal parts; Fig.5, a longitudinal vertical sectional view, as on the line O O in Fig. 33 Fig. 6, a transverse sectional view, as on the line D D in Fig. 5, thelower portion being brokenaway; and Fig. 7, a fragmentary half-section,as on the line E E in Fig. 5.

Similar reference characters in the different figures of the drawingsdesignate corresponding elements or features.

In construction the apparatus comprises a front wall a, having anornamental fronta/ and a suitable number of furnace-doorsb and ash-pitdoors c, there being suitable openings in the wall at the doors, a rearwall d, and side walls e and e', the four walls forming a furnacestructure in which are suitable grates The walls are sufficiently highto inclose the principal elements of the apparatus, and firebricklinings are used where needed. Also suitable doorways and doors areprovided, where found desirable, for gaining access to parts inclosed bythe walls.

A main water-head F is arranged at the side wall e somewhat higher thanthe grates f and extends upwardly a considernble distance for purposeswhich willfurther appear. A narrow water-head F is arranged between alower end of the water-head F and the front wall a, and a narrowwater-head F2 is arranged between the other lower end of the water-headF and the rear wall d. The three water-heads together extendapproximately from the front wall a to the rear wall d, and thewater-heads may be suitably attached one to another structurally. A mainwaterhead F3 is arranged at the opposite side wall e and extendsapproximately from the front wall a to the rear wall d, being equal inlength to the water-heads F, F, and F2 together and as deep verticallyas the water-'heads F or F2. A pair of narrow curved water-heads G and Gare connected together by a waterhead g, and they together extend overor straddle the upper part of the water-head F and may be suitablyattached thereto structurally, the lower ends of the water-heads G and Gbeing connected and in communication with the upper ends of thewater-heads F and F2, respectively, there being regulating-valves h andh arranged, respectively, between the water-heads G and F and thewater-heads G and F2 by which communications may be closed when desired.A pair of IOC ITO

curved narrow water-heads G2 and G3 are connected together by awater-head g and together are similar to the water-heads G, G, and g, buthe water-heads G2 and G3 are closed at their lower ends and aresupported upon the water-head F3, and may, if desired, be formed asstructural parts thereof.

A tubular evaporator H has one end thereof attached to the inner wall ofthe upper portion of the water-head F, being in communication therewith,and its end is arranged between the water-heads G and G, the other endof the evaporator having a head t closing the end, which is supported bythe side wall e between the water-heads G2 and G3, the evaporatortherefore extending longitudinally parallel to the front and rear wallsa and d and midway between them and directly above the grate area.

A steam-drum combining in its functions a receptacle or passage forsteam and also a water divider, is suitably supported in the evaporator,so as to be shifted therein in order to remove scales or deposits, andthe drum is referably formed as a tube slightly flattene at its upperside, the lower side being semicircular and curved concentrically to theunder side of the tubular evaporator H, so that a relatively shallowbody only of water may be held on the bottom of the evaporator. The endsof the drum are closed by heads y' and j' and a suitable number ofstandpipes k 7c extend upwardly from the top of the drum, affordingsteam-passages between the drum and the upper portion of the evaporator,the stand-pipes preventing water, at the usual level in the eva orator,from entering the drum," but if the c rum be made circular or so as toapproach near to the top of the evaporator apertures only may beprovided in the top of the drum without the standpipes.

A superheater J, formed, referably, as a drum, in which steam may fiesubjected to the drying and heating effects of the furnaceheat isarranged above the evaporator on a saddle Z and connected therewith by asaddle-pipe Z, which provide support for the superheater andcommunication with the steam-drum directly above the stand-pipe lr bymeans of a removable pipe k2. An outletpipe 8 is connected to thesuperheater for conducting steam therefrom.

A series of primary heating-tubes K are connected to the water-head F3,and also to the lower part of the water-head F, thus extendinghorizontally through the furnace somewhat above the grates thereof andbelow the plane of the bottom of the evaporator H. The tubes affordducts for the passage of water from the water-head F3 to the water-headF, from the upper part of which the water may enter the evaporator. Aseries of primary heating-tubes L are connected head F3, and a series ofsimilar tubes L are connected to the water-head F3 and also to thewater-head F2, the tubes L and L affording ducts for the passage ofwater from the water-heads F and F2, respectively, to the water-head F3.

A series of heating-tubes M are connected to the water-heads G and G2,and a series of like tubes M are connected to the waterheads G and G3,the tubes providing ducts for water from the water-heads G2 and G3 tothe water-heads G and G, the water-head g affording free circulation andequality of pressure in the two series of tubes, and the Water may befed into the water-head g through a regulating-valve N from any suitablesource. Fire-brick linings m m n n afford means for reflecting heat tothe sides of the heating-tubes that are near the front and rear walls ofthe furnace.

The above-described construction may in some cases be provided with adraft-Hue and chimney and will alone give good results but in order toobtain the value of the heat to the fullest extent additional primaryheating apparatus is provided and preferably employed in construction,comprising a shallow closed tank O, that is mounted above thesuperheater J on the side walls e and e and partially supported bybridge-walls p and p and posts g thereon, the tan i having connectionwith the regulating-valve N. The tank is broader than the openino thatis provided between the tops of the inings n and n. Two arch-tanks P andP are mounted on the front and rear walls a and d, respectively, andextend upwardly to suitable heights and inwardly one toward the yotherabove the tank O, there being spaces provided for draftpassages, theends of the arch-tanks being supported by the side Walls e and e. A hoodQ is arranged upon the tops of the archtanks and provided with a chimneyconnection u. At the opposite end of the tank O to that which isconnected with the valve N a duct r is connected to the tank and to anend of the tank P, and a duct 7" is connected also to the tank O and toan end of the tank P for the delivery of Water to the tank O,

from which the Water may be fed through the valve N. The opposite endsof the tanks P and P are connected by branch pipes s and s of afeed-pipe t, that may be supplied with water from any suitable source,as from a pump or injector. The ducts 7 and r are arranged somewhathigher than the bottoms of the tanks P and P, so that the tanks serve tocollect sediment from the Water, and thus prevent excessive deposits inthe evaporator and rimary heating-tubes and in the waterhea s, and thesediment may be readily removed through suitable wash-out holes.

From the foregoing description of construction it will be apparent thatthe pri- 6 5 to the water-head F and also to the waterl maryheating-tubes L and L form parts of IOO facings of the front and rearwalls of the furnace and that the tubes M and M form parts of the upperwalls of the furnace and the heat-passages at the front and rear of theevaporator being thus conveniently and advantageously arranged to beexposed tothe direct effects of the furnace heat without detracting fromthe value of the heat that is to be generated, essentially, forapplication to the evaporation or conversion of the water in theevaporator into steam.

The herein-described type of steam-producer is well adapted to limitedgroundspace and, with suitable wall-braces, for use in water craft.

lt will be understood that the outer surfaces of the superheater J andthe upper portion of the shell of the evaporator H may be suitablyprotected against being overheated by the llames from the furnace andthat a safetyvalve and a water-gage and steam-gage will be provided, asis customary. Also that suitable stay-bolts and braces are to beprovided where required. If desired, the connectingpipe may be removed.

ln practical use the feed-water is to be supplied through the inlet-pipet, and when the water flows through the course heretofore indicated andrises in the evaporator H to a suitable height-as, for instance, so asto fill the shallow space under the steamdrum therein-the flow of watershould be stopped by the valves h and t, and thereafter the properwater-level should be maintained in the evaporator by manipulation ofthe valves, and the valve N may be used as occasion may require foreither stopping or regulating the flow of feed-water. A fire beingstarted in the furnace the flames and heat will rise between the tubes Kthroughout their lengths from the water-head F to the water-head F3,raising the temperature of the water therein nearly to theboiling-point, so that the hot water after entering the narrow spacebetween the drum I and the bottom of the evaporator-shell will berapidly raised to the boiling-point and converted into steam, which willrise and fill the superheater ,I by the way of the drum I through thepipes lc and 7c', through the pipe 7c of which the steam may also escapefrom the drum if its temperature becomes greater than that of the steamat the sides and above the drum, the drum serving to dry the steambefore it rises to the superheater through the pipes c, k2, and l. Thedifferent arrows indicate the courses of the water circulation and thedraft from the furnace to the chimney, and it will be observed that thewaste heat will begin to heat the feed-water in the tanks P and P/, andthe temperature of the water will increase in the tank O and7 further,in the primary heatingtubes, the hotter water above the valves h and hof course rising at first until the whole volume above the valvesbecomes equal in temperature and serving to rapidly heat the incomingfeed-water, so that the water will already have a high temperature whenfed through the lower regulating-valves h and h', all effected by heatthat mustbe produced and cannot be entirely absorbed by the water in theevaporator, the linings n and'fn necessarily receiving and reflectingsome of the waste heat, forming, as they do, the necessary walls of theheat-passages.

It will be observed that the lower portions of the walls n and n and theWater-heads G, G, G2, and G3 are sloping, so as to deflect the heattoward the bottom of the evaporator H, and the walls and water-heads arecurved at their upper portions, so as to deflect the heat toward thesuperheater as the heat approaches the tank O to pass around the sidesthereof through the opening between the top parts of the tanks P and Pinto the hood Q.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new isl. Asteam-producer including a furnace having a front wall, a rear wall, apair of main water-heads forming parts of opposing side walls, a pair ofrelatively narrow water-heads at opposite ends of one of the mainwaterheads and having heating-tubes connected thereto and also to theopposite main Waterhead and extending along the front and rear walls, anevaporator connected to the main water-head that is between the narrowwater-heads, and heating-,tubes connected to both of the mainwater-heads.

2. A steam-producer including a furnace having a front wall and a rearwall, a pair of main water-heads of unequal height and hori- Zontallength forming partsA of end walls, a pair of relatively narrowwater-heads at opposite ends of the horizontally-shorter one of the pairof main water-heads, a series of heating-tubes connected to the pair ofmain water-heads, heating-tubes connected to the relatively narrowwater-heads and also to the horizontally-longer one of the mainwaterheads, inlet-valves connected to the tops of the narrowwater-heads, an evaporator connected to the taller one of the mainwaterheads, and opposing curved Walls extending from the front and rearwalls toward and partially over the evaporator and terminating above theplane of the top of the evaporator.

3. A steam-producer including a front wall and a rear wall, a pair ofmain water-heads of unequal height and horizontal length forming partsof end walls, a pair of relatively narrow water-heads at opposite endsof the horizontally-shorter one of the main waterheads, a series ofheating-tubes connected to the pair of main water-heads, heating-tubesconnected to the relatively narrow waterheads and also to thehorizontally-longer one of the main water-heads, an evaporator connectedto the taller one of the main Water- IOO heads, inlet-valves connectedto the tops of the narrow water-heads, walls opposite to the evaporatorand therewith forming heatpassages to the top from the bottom thereof, awater-divider in the evaporator, a superheater connected with theevaporator and having connection with the water-divider, and a chimneyconnection in communication with the heat-passages. Y

4. A steam-producer including a furnace, an evaporator mounted above thefurnace with heat-passages extending from the furnace at opposite sidesof the evaporator and above the top thereof, a superheater havingcommunication at one end thereof with the evaporator, a steam-outletpipe connected to the superheater, a steam-drum supported in theevaporator and having communication therewith near the communicationbetween the superheater and the evaporator, and a duct connecting thesteam-drum with the superheater and extending through the wall of theevaporator, the evaporator having a water-supply passage communicatingtherewith, and there being a draft-duct in communication with theheat-passages.

5. A steam-producer including a furnace having heating-tubes against theinner faces thereof, water-heads connected to the heating-tubes, anevaporator mounted above the furnace with heat-passages extending fromthe furnace at opposite sides of the evaporator and above the topthereof, the passages having walls provided on the inner faces thereofwith heating-tubes, separate water-heads connected to the heating-tubesof the walls of the heat-passages and also having communication with thefirst-mentioned water-heads, a primary heating-tank mounted above theevaporator and extending over the heat-passages forming the top of aflue, a water-inlet connected to the tank, a duct extending from thetank to the waterheads, a duct extending from the water-heads to theevaporator, vand a draft-passage extending from the heat-passages underthe tank.

6. A steam-producer including a furnace, an evaporator mountedV abovethe furnace with heat-passages extending from the furnace at oppositesides of the evaporator and above the top thereof, a superheaterconnected operatively with the evaporator, a steam-outlet pipe connectedto the superheater, a primary heatingtank mounted above the superheaterand extending over the heat-passages forming the top of a iiue, adraft-passage continuing from the heat-passages, a water-inlet connectedto the tank, a duct extending from the tank to the evaporator, and avalve in the duct.

7. A steamfproducer including front and rear furnace-walls, a pair ofmain waterheads forming parts of end walls of the furnace, an evaporatorconnected to one of the water-heads in communication therewith, twopairs of connected upright curved waterheads extending above the planeof the top of the evaporator at opposite ends thereof and havingheating-tubes connected therewith, walls between the pairs of curvedwaterheads, an inlet-pipe connected with one of the pair of curvedwater-heads, and a Waterduct communicating with the other one of thepair of curved water-heads and also with one of the main water-heads andprovided with a regulating-valve.

S. A steam-producer including a furnace, an evaporator mounted above thefurnace with heat-passages extending from the furnace at opposite sidesof the evaporator and above the top thereof, a superheater connectedoperatively with the evaporator, a steamoutlet connected to thesuperheater, a primary heating-tank mounted above the superheater andextending over the heat-passages forming the top of a flue, a pair ofarch-tanks at opposite sides of the primary heating-tank and extendingpartially over the top thereof with flues between the primaryheating-tank and the arch-tanks, inlet-pipes connected to thearch-tanks, ducts between the arch-tanks and the primary heating-tank,and a duct between the primary heating-tank and the evaporator providedwith a regulating-valve.

9. A steam-producer including a furnace 'comprising front and rearfurnace-walls, a

pair of main water-heads at opposite sides of the furnace of unequalheight and horizontal length, the taller one being horizontally theshorter one of the pair, a pair of relatively narrow water-heads at theends of the shorter one of the pair of main water-heads, a series ofheating-tubes connected to the pair of main water-heads, a series ofheating-tubes connected to one of the narrow water-heads and also to thelonger one of the main waterheads, a series of heating-tubes connectedto the other one of the narrow water-heads and also to the longer one ofthe main waterheads, a pair of connected upright curved water-headsstraddling the taller one of the main water-heads and connected withthev pair of narrow water-heads and provided with regulating-valves, apair of connected upright curved water-heads mounted upon the longer oneof the pair of main water-heads, heatingtubes connected with both pairsof upright curved water-heads, and an evaporator connected to the tallerone of the main waterheads..

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ISAAC H. BOYER.

Witnesses:

WM. C. T-HoMrsoN, E. T. SrLvrUs.

IOO

